What exactly is the difference between a surge protector and a fuse? Can a fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of surge protector?

In schematic diagrams this is the symbol for a fuse:

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At one ohm, the resistor has a maximum of 1 watt power.

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An AC voltage/ current source, and an ac inductive load.

This device then solves the entire problem.

(Dc diagram shown, AC is similar).

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Now when you have a certain ac resistance, then a current flows in a loop.

the problem then depends on "how fast does the fuse operate?".

This is a photo where a lightning bolt took out a home's complete mains distribution box, and a lot of electronic gear as well.

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A fuse is a non-resetable over current circuit protector.

“ A fuse is a device which protects the (circuit) against overload and short circuit.”

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(There is no concept of polarity, in the loop because the current changes direction 100 to 120 times a second (power frequency).

but I think this circuit , shows a few more pieces.

One

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what exactly is a ‘surge’ protector?

2024–10–00 [ Ammar Mahdi ] Ammar Mahdi

These devices are installed between the “hot” and “neutral” and protective ground.

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Here is a simplified AC power diagram.

2024–10–11 [Bobby Sanchez Bobby Sanchez ].

Edit 2024–10.

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And this is the problem alone. Is the power supply in the equipmemt designed with a lightning strike in mind? Some yes, others, no.

Because the load is inductive, the current lags the voltage.(by a bit).

“ … to protect building, lightning arrestor, is provided above building and directly connected to earth.”

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Lightning arrestor is a spark-gap device, and can be installed anywhere. What is important, is that the wire is thick enough to withstand the lightning bolt and conduct the energy away from the building.

For this case there are devices called Metal oxide varistors (MOV).

But it can get overloaded, and no longer works.

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It seems Mohan does not understand the difference between a comment and an Answer.

So combined with a device called a MOV or Metal-oxide-resistor, then forms the 3rd part of a “surge suppressor “.

He then describes the function of a fuse.

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A circuit breaker is similar, but is resettable.

OK, this is Mohan Rajaratnam’s definition of a Surge suppressor.

2024–10–11 [Victor Olarewsju Victor Olarewaju ]

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The other is “what does a “fuse” do?”

But… the neutral is now “floating” because of the 1 ohm resistance.

If the nominal power is 4,000 watts then the current at 230volts is 16 amps.

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What is lightning?

Once the voltage goes over 0.0650 volts, then this fact can be used to amplify the difference, and turn the circuit breaker off , furthur down the line. Essentially that is what a RCD/GFCI does, it compares the incoming current, to the outgoing current, and if the difference between the two currents is over 5mA, then it trips the circuit breaker.

These are simplified answers to the original question, and does not change anything I wrote above.

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2024–10–16 [ OO OLAOYE OYEBODE ]

When the current is 200% of the rated value , it will “go open” (the link metal melts) and protect the device.

The MOV will conduct when the voltage exceeds 50% of line voltage.

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Barnstars:

This is an electronic circuit designed to clamp voltages so that the Voltage Potential that appears at the outlet is never going to exceed the nominal value.

but this device (an Inductor) … impedes the rapid changes in the current.

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The third is lightning and “how it gets conducted into a home.”

One is “what exactly is in a ‘surge protector’ ? ”

P = e* I, so since I is 16 amps, then the voltage dropped is 1/16 volt or 0.0650 volts.

He then describes Rainy Season and Lightning.

This is 'the assistant's answer'

There are three different concepts here that are getting confused.

This is a high voltage low current spike that comes down the line because of the power poles being struck, and the voltage suppressors activating on the primary side of the transformer.

2024–09–27 [ Mohan Rajaratnam Mohan Rajaratnam ] . Thinks you can get free electricity from nothing : Mohan Rajaratnam's answer to Is it possible to generate free electricity at home using a magnet or other low-cost methods? If so, how does it work?

Fuses, on their own, then operate much slower than the MOV variable resistance, during the lightning strike.

He then asserts :

2024–10–14 [Omar Gharbi Omar Gharbi ]

This is the picture of an electronic coil of wire wound around a core of magnetic material.

There is no harm in having the surge suppressor along with the fuse in the circuit. The fuse will not open up until the current melts the link. This will take time, and in the interim, that jolt will get transmitted into the power supplies.

“ A surge suppressor is the one which is connected at the input supply so that when there is a sudden change voltage it bypasses thereby protecting the (circuit) and electronic components”

The bolt then partially travels down the line to your home.

It also is a device that limits the change in current flow.

But during the surge, the fuse will not blow if it is a longer duration and lower value )10 to 50%).

[image of Common-mode choke]

It’s been three xxx five werks, and there has been no response to my follow on query on his Commment to my answer.

There are two important concepts here.

so, the loop of wire then, when put together with another loop reduces the ‘noise’ on a power line.

a photo is worth a thousand words.

so, what happens?

Mohan forgets that a fuse is a one-time device, and needs to be replaced if it is tripped.

At the secondary, it is 1000 times less.)turns ratio). If it gets hit with a 100,000 volt bolt of lightning then the voltage arrestors conduct and clamp the voltage down to line voltage, ( but a small amount leaks down the line). This is the problem.

Can the fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of a surge protector.

2024–10–10[John johnson John Johnson ]

What does a fuse do?

This one hit behind the barn.

At least they know the answer if they wanted it.

[old diagram got deleted by accident]

This is where the MOV conducts again, and dissipated the energy.

Is the question then , "why buy a surge supressor, if the fuse alone protects the electronic circuits from a lightning bolt?".

First Sentence:

So, it’s possible that these devices from Trip Lite have addition suppression devices, these ones seem to be sturdy.

This is where this question deviates from being a 'generic' question, and becomes more specific.

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Would individual surge supressors have save this equipment? most likely, since the surge supressor would take the jolt instead of the electronic components.

So, the voltage could go up to 500 volts, and the fuse will not open up.